Articles & Insights

Professionals Non-malignant Haematology

Monocytosis

The monocyte reference range will vary depending on the age, gender and pregnancy status of the patient, as well as the laboratory performing the test. In general, the monocyte count is considered elevated when it is > 1 x 109/L.

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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Professionals Non-malignant Haematology

Neutrophilia

The neutrophil reference range will vary depending on the age, gender and pregnancy status of the patient, as well as the laboratory performing the test. In general, the neutrophil count is considered elevated when it is above 8 x 109/L.

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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General Non-malignant Haematology

Is my iron really high?

Is my iron really high? Iron levels are often checked when you go to see doctors with fatigue, malaise, or weakness or when your blood shows anaemia which requires further investigations. The problem with iron test is that it has 5 components which can give a variety of combinations, some are high and some are low and then the interpretation becomes challenging. I have therefore decide to take a look at the common iron test result which often leads to further investigations as well as you often being told that you have high iron levels and you need be venesected (blood letting).

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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Patients

Monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS)

Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) happens when abnormal white blood cells make abnormal proteins called M proteins. M proteins don’t usually cause issues. Most people with MGUS don’t have symptoms. But a small percentage of people with this condition may develop blood cancer or a more serious blood disorder.

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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Professionals

Raised light chains

Serum free light chains are used to assess for clonally-restricted plasma cell populations. As such, they are only diagnostically useful and reflect possible pathological plasma cell conditions when there are elevated kappa or lambda serum free light chains AND the ratio of kappa to lambda free light chains is abnormal.

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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Professionals

Polyclonal and oligoclonal hypergammaglobulinemia

Hypergammaglobulinemia results from an overproduction of immunoglobulins. This process may be polyclonal or oligoclonal (i.e. increased synthesis from multiple plasma cell lines as seen in infection); or monoclonal (increased synthesis from a single plasma cell clone).

Ivo Andrejco · 1 Mar 2026
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